Skills Test Answers - System Analysis

The first step in the systems development life cycle (SDLC) is:

Development
Analysis
Design
Problem/Opportunity Identification



A DFD for an aircraft flight control system has an artifact with the label 'Atmospheric Pressure'. The latter is likely:

Continuous Data
Output Data
Context Data
Input Data



In Object-Orientation it is possible for a class not to define its own behaviours because:

These are bound at runtime
These are pre-defined
These are defined in protocols
These may be inherited



What is metadata?

Data dictionary
Meaningful data
Data about data
Very Large Data



What testing method examines the functionality of an application without peering into its internal structures or workings:

Black Box Testing
Blue Box Testing
Grey Box Testing
White Box Testing



What is the key deliverable of a requirements analysis exercise?

Design specification
Requirements specifications
Use Case Diagram
Interfaces



Which of the following includes a cost benefit analysis?

Feasibility Study
Systems Analysis
Design Specification
Design Report



What contruct is used to determine how users use the system?

Use case
Class
Actor
Component



The problem statement should include all of the following EXCEPT:

Storage
Processing
Input
Output



Which of the following is the correct sequence of testing activities?

Unit testing, system testing,  module testing, integration testing, acceptance testing
Unit testing, integration testing, system testing, module testing, acceptance testing
Unit testing, volume testing, integration testing, system testing, acceptance testing
Unit testing, module testing, integration testing, system testing, acceptance testing



Which of the following is not used in a context level diagram

Data Store
Source
Destination
Data Flow



Which of the following represents the condition of an object at a specific moment in time?

State
Class
Behavior
Instance



Which of the following is a classical or legacy Systems Analysis technique?

Agile Methodology
Structured Analysis
Joint Application Design
Iterative Prototyping



An Oceanography System's DFD shows ocean temperature being captured by a deep-sea sensor and then conveyed through a cable to a naval vessel's on-board systems. The sensor represents a:

Data Element
Data Sink
Data Store
Data Source



A Physical DFD specifies:

The org chart
What processes will be used
Who generates data and who processes it
The attributes of the data generated



Most modern software applications enable you to customize and automate various features using small custom-built “miniprograms” called:

Macros
Subroutines
Code
Routines



Consider the functional requirement: "The system shall generate weekly reports to the head librarian for overdue books." It will be elaborated upon in subsection:

User Interfaces
Outputs
Performance
Inputs



Which of the following options is NOT a benefit of prototyping?

It automates System testing
Enhances understanding of what the system must accomplish
Provides rapid feedback from user
Helps validate requirements with fewer errors



What diagram portrays the interactions emphasizing the time ordering of messages?

Collaboration diagram
State diagram
Activity diagram
Sequence diagram



What is a DFD?

Data Finding Diagram
Decision Flow Diagram
Decision Feauture Diagram
Data Flow Diagram



Which of these is not used in a context level diagram?

Source
Data Flow
Destination
Data Store



Which one of the following is never meant to be instantiated?

A nullity class
A first responder
An abstract class
A base class



Which one of these would be represented outside an ATM system diagram boundary?

Cash Tray
Security Camera
Receipt Printer
Transaction Roll



What do we mean by "levelling a DFD"

Splitting the DFD into different levels
Making the DFD symmetric
Expanding a process into several sub processes with greater detail
Summarize the DFD down to it's essential components



Which of the following is *not* a type of Interaction Diagram?

Sequence Diagram
Timing Diagram
Communication Diagram
Package Diagram



For schedules planning, which one of the following is the *derived* value?

Pessimistic Time
Expected Time
Most-Likely Time
Optimistic Time



What symbol signifies protected visibility in UML?

@
#
&
0%



Which of these is not a system analysis tool?

Decision Tree
Data Flow Diagram
Decision Table
Structured Chart



Which of the following is a construct not seen in decision trees?

pictorial depiction of alternate conditions
consequences of various depicted alternates
Segmented DFD
nodes and branches



Which of the following strategies are adopted if information requirements are not well-defined?

Structured analysis development
Spiral method
Prototyping      
Rapid application development  



One of the following is not a fact-finding technique in the context of systems analysis?

Third party enquiry
Questionnaire        
Record reviews  
Interview                



A context diagram can also be known as a:

Level n diagram
Level 2 diagram
Level 1 diagram
Level 0 diagram



Which one of the following traceabilities will uncover any coding that does not derive from the SRS?

Backward-from-Requirements
Forward-to-Requirements
Backward-to-Requirements
Forward-from-Requirements



Which of the following is not true about the waterfall method?

Not as good for many of the new types of interactive and highly complex applications
Fairly rigid approach
Good for traditional type of projects
Can easily go back to previous phases



In a DFD, external entities are represented by:

Circles
Diamonds
Ellipses
Rectangles



Which of the following statements is false with respect to a use case?

It is an interaction between the users and the system
It represents the flow of activities of various processes in the system.
It captures the responsibility of the system to its users
A use case is a scenario for understanding the requirements



Analyzing a system for which of the following is most markedly different from the other three?

Warehouse Storage System
Factory Order-Processing System
Stamp Collection System
Books Cataloguing System



Which relationship/construct in a use case diagram indicates an optional behavior?

An include
An extend
An aggregation
A generalization



Behavioral Requirements diagrammatically may be mapped to:

State diagrams
Routing diagrams
Network diagrams
Structure diagrams



A data flow that appears on a higher-level DFD but not on lower levels violates what DFD construction guideline?

iterative development guideline
consistency guideline
completeness guideline
timing guideline



Which one is *not* an attribute of a good SRS:

Predictability
Completeness
Verifiability
Non-Ambiguousness



Which one of these is seldom, if ever, an actor?

Book
Customer
Notifications Server
iPhone



Which parts must a requirement model contain?

Use cases, interface descriptions, class diagram, project scope
Project scope, use cases, class diagram, context diagram   
Interface descriptions, data model, context diagram, class diagram
Project scope, use cases, interface descriptions, context diagram



Which of the following involves a graphical representation of the processes that manage data between a system, its environment, and the relevant components?

Physical Model
Logical Model
Process Model
Data Model



In a Decision Table for a toy helicopter system you see 'True' in cells for both 'Taking Off' and 'Landing' conditions' rows. You infer:

The Systems Analyst has made an error
If implemented the toy will malfunction
The corresponding Action/Response cells are 'Impossible'
This is a "Don't Care" combination



Sequence Diagrams will be *most helpful* and *most necessary* in an SRS for:

An Elevator Control System
A Payroll System
An Employee Management System
A Sports Statistics System



Decision Tables can be directly transformed into:

Key-Value Pairs
Use Cases
Linked Lists
Algorithms



In Component-Based Architecture, a component is:

An object that fully implements all methods/member functions
A self-contained collaborating set of objects
An App
A design pattern conforming to CBA



The Use Case diagram for "Either a lineman or a technician repair a fault:"

Will have a disjunction symbol
Should have two actors
Cannot be drawn
Can have an abstract actor



In a Library Management System's SRS, a single modular chart shows entry of new book purchases, accepts book-lending transactions, and tracks damage to books. If such a module is coded it would *not be*:

Object Oriented
Reconciliable with Requirements
Loosely Coupled
Highly Cohesive



You have prepared a decision table which has three conditions, Condition X, Condition Y, and Condition Z, and three decision rows. For all four columns in which Condition X is False, the twelve decisions are exactly the same. Then:

The twelve same decisions are marked "Don't Cares"
Those four columns can be combined into one
Conditions Y and Z are redundant and are removed
Condition X is redundant and is removed



In an SRS, the Usability section will include which one of the following requirements?

System's transaction processing must keep pace with data-entry operators
System shall not be used without a redundant online host
Sub-menu wording and wording in online help when related shall be concordant
A minimum of 20 users may use the system concurrently



In what system can the interactions between the various subsystems not be determined with certainty?

Uncertain System
Closed System
Probabilistic System
Open System



For the Observer Design Pattern, which one is false:

This is a behavioral pattern
Change notifications are entailed
There is a to-many relationship
Object construction is required



You have specified that a repeating group will contain objects of type x. This repeating group has been:

Specified
Given a definition of x
Cannot tell without knowing type x
Parametrized



On a model, an object is connected to only one other object with the notation -++. Which property of the first object is likely dependent on the second object?

Usability
Type
Robustness
Scope



In an FSM, State B and State C may both be active if they:

Share the same previous state and inputs
Are substates in orthogonal regions of the same state
Are recombinant into a single state
Contain transitions to themselves



Which one of the following pairs may have an 'Extends' relationship?

Telephone : Cell-Phone
Cell-Phone : Texting
Telephone : Phoneline
Exchange : Telephones



External entities in the context of a DFD maybe which of the following?

Repository of data
Source of input data only
Destination of results only
C&D



In an STD you have a State qx whose sole transition is to State qy on Input a whose sole transition is back to State qx on Input a. Which is correct?

State qx and State qy can be merged
This is a reflexive transition
None of These
The description is erroneous



Which of the following is a data flow diagramming rule?

A join in a data flow means that exactly the same data goes from a common location to two or more different processes, data stores, or sources/sinks.
Data must be moved by a process if the data are of any concern to our system.
A data flow has a verb phrase label.
A fork in a data flow means that exactly the same data comes from any of two or more different processes, data stores, or sources/sinks to a common location.



Your team's Systems Analyst uses the term 'bucket'. From this you infer that he is talking about:

A Linked List
An Unordered Collection
A B-Tree
A Hashtable



The outcome of a test case documented by a tester differs significantly from that of the related verified use case. Which of the following can this NOT signify?

A Coding defect
An Analysis defect
A Design defect
A Configuration Management error



A Decision Tree:

Is a type of balanced B-Tree
All of these
Can be constructed from a decision table
May include fan-in transitions



An SRS has this complete sentence: "The real-time video shall be monitored simultaneously by up to five security personnel at any given time." It reflects ambiguity in:

Duration
It has no ambiguity
Video type
Bounds



Which of the following is incorrect with regards to data flow rules?

Data cannot flow from a process to a process
Data cannot flow from an external entity to an external entity
Data cannot flow from an external entity to a store
Data cannot flow from a store to an external entity



A coder finds an apparent inconsistency in an SRS. A phone object may be sent a message 'ring', 'ring' with parameter 'tone', 'ring' with parameter 'maxTimes', and 'ring' with parameters 'tone' *and* 'maxTimes'. The Systems Analysis phase is formally to:

Use subclasses or derived classes
Use Dynamic instantiation
Implement four methods
Implement primitive method and cover methods



An SRS would contain which one?

Class responsibilities
Schema
Milestones
Text descriptions



In an STD, State qx has a transition only on Input i and Output o. With the passage of time, the system fails to have Input i or generate Output o, both of which are removed from the STD. Then State qx:

Must also be removed from the STD
Becomes a dead state
Becomes redundant
Becomes the final state



Which one of the following has a lifetime independent of other objects?

A Registrar object
An object that is being ref-counted
A child entity
A contains by-value object



You are analyzing GUI-related specifications of a project in which the M-V-C Paradigm is to be used. Your work will find its way into:

The View Specification
All of these
The Model Specification
The Controller Specification



In DFD methodology, decomposition and leveling are:

Opposites
Disparate
Mutually Exclusive
Synonymous



What is the end product of the Class-Responsibility-Collaboration Method of analysis?

Object Models
Collaboration Diagrams
Class Hierarchies
Sequence Diagrams



In an SRS you see the phrase: "A patron lifetime member may attend any number of concerts." In the corresponding E-R diagram the cardinality of the relationship at the concert would be:

Mandatory many
Infinity
Optional many
1-to-n



Which UML diagram shows how objects are organized according to the links among objects?

Communication Diagram
Interaction Overview Diagram
Sequence Diagram
Component Diagram.



The Analysis model of an engine is comprised of a camshaft, crankshaft, distributor, pistons, valves, and alternator. This is an example of:

Membership
Aggregation
Associations
Entity-Relationships



Which one of these will reference one or more of the other options?

Traceability Matrix
Use Case Suite
Data Flow Diagrams
Requirements Specification



What is an external entity?

A unit that’s not the constituent of a data flow diagram
A unit external to the system being designed that can be controlled by an analyst
A unit external to the system whose behavior is independent of the system being designed
A unit external to the system being designed



In a Use Case, actor Librarian unconditionally performs action 'Reshelf' on an instance of Book serially n times. Which one is true?

There should be a check for 'Not on Shelf'
A Use Case cannot have such a loop
This is fine as long as n has some upper bound
A book cannot be reshelved after it has already been reshelved



Which is not a component CASE tool?

Debugging tool
Diagramming tool
Information Repository
Code generator



Why can't data flow between two data stores?

It's not allowed in a DFD
It will merge
It will get corrupted
A data store is a passive repository of data



Which modelling technique lends itself well to solving the 'Dining Philosophers' Problem?

Decision Trees
Petri Nets
Simulations
SADT